Drive for a machine gun

ABSTRACT

This invention provides the provision of a motor, whose output shaft is fixed to a pinion gear, meshed with two mutually opposed driven pinion gears, each carrying a respective cam roller, which alternatively enter and exit a cam surface on a cam follower, which is fixed to a second shaft, to oscillate said follower and said second shaft, and a first sector gear which is fixed to said second shaft and meshed with a second sector gear, which is axially fixed to the rocking lever in the drive linkage of a machine gun. Alternatively, the first sector gear is meshed with a second sector gear formed on the rocking lever.

RELATED CASE

This application discloses and claims an external drive particularlysuitable for a machine gun of the type shown in copending application,Ser. No. 793,013, filed Oct. 30, 1985, and is an improvement of theexternal drive shown therein. The disclosure of that application ishereby incorporated by reference, and reference may be made to thatapplication for details of the machine gun which are not explicitly setout in this application. The drive, however, is suitable for use withother machine guns.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

This application relates to an external drive for machine guns havingtwo gun barrels and a linkage which alternatively drives each breechbolt.

2. Description of the Prior Art

A two barreled machine gun having an operating mechanism driven by anexternal source is shown in U.S. Pat. No. 430,206, issued June 17, 1890to F. M. Garland. In this gun a hand crank or a motor rotates a shaft torotate two 180° out of phase cams, which cams respectively oscillate twolevers, which levers reciprocate respective loading and firing bolts.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

It is an object of this invention to provide a compact external driveproviding a large angular oscillation to a rocking lever in the drivelinkage of a machine gun.

A feature of this invention is the provision of a motor, whose outputshaft is fixed to a pinion gear, meshed with two mutually opposed drivenpinion gears, each carrying a respective cam roller, which alternativelyenter and exit a cam surface on a cam follower, which is fixed to asecond shaft, to oscillate said follower and said second shaft, and afirst sector gear which is fixed to said second shaft and meshed with asecond sector gear, which is axially fixed to the rocking lever in thedrive linkage of a machine gun. Alternatively, the first sector gear ismeshed with a second sector gear formed on the rocking lever.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING

These and other objects, features and advantages of the invention willbecome apparent from the following specification thereof taken inconjunction with the accompanying drawing in which:

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a gun embodying this invention of thetype shown in Ser. No. 793,013.

FIG. 2 is a detail of FIG. 1 showing the operating linkages contained inthe receiver assembly of the gun of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a side view of an external drive embodying this invention andhaving an oscillating input coupled to the operating linkages of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is plan view in cross-section taken along the plane IV--IV; and

FIG. 5 is a side view of an alternative version of the external drive ofFIG. 3.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

As seen in FIG. 1, the gun includes a left hand gun barrel 10L and aright hand gun barrel 10R which are secured to a breech housing 12 of abreech assembly 14. The barrels are also constrained by a muzzle clampassembly 16, a mid-barrel clamp assembly 18, and an aft clamp assembly22. The breech housing 12 is fixed to a receiver housing 26 in areceiver assembly 28. A hammer assembly 30 is also fixed to the breechhousing 12. The breech and receiver housings may be considered togetherto be the classical "receiver."

As seen in FIG. 2, the operating mechanism is mainly disposed within thereceiver housing 26 and is included in the receiver assembly 28. Thisoperating mechanism includes a rocking lever 34 which is fixed to acentral post 36, and which post is journaled for oscillation to thereceiver housing 26. The rocking lever 34 has a left arm 34L to which isfixed a left post 38L which is journaled to the forward end of a leftlink 40L, and has a right arm (not visible) to which is fixed a rightpost (not visible) which is journaled to the forward end of a right link40R. The aft end of the left link 40L is journaled to a left post (notvisible) which is fixed to a left slider 44L. The aft end of the rightlink 40R is journaled to a right post (not visible) which is fixed to aright slider 44R which is identical to the left slider 44L. The aft endof each link 40L/R has a projection 40P which is captured in arespective notch in the respective slider 44L/R to capture the link toits respective post 42L/R. An additional post 46 is fixed to the rockinglever 34 and is journaled to the forward end of a feeder arm 48. The aftend of the feeder arm 48 has a post (not visible) to which is pivotallyjournaled a tail slider 52. The aft end of the slider has a cross-piece54 which rides in a channel in the receiver housing 26. The forward endof the slider 52 has a cam driver 58 with two mutually spaced apartupstanding arms which terminate in mutually opposed cam driving elements60L and 60R. The cam driver 58 also has a pair of slots 62L and 62Rwhich ride on a pair of tracks in the receiver housing. The cam driver58 is thereby constrained to rectilinear reciprocating movement whendriven by the feeder arm 48 whose forward end is free to oscillatelaterally while reciprocated fore and aft by the rocking lever 34. Thecam driver drives (not shown here) a drum cam which in turn drives afeed sprocket to advance a belt of linked ammunition transverselythrough the gun. Each full cycle of oscillation of the rocking lever 34results in the sprocket advancing the belt of ammunition by two rounds.

The aft ends of the two sliders 44L/R are respectively coupled to twoaccelerator arms which in turn are respectively coupled to two boltassemblies. Each full cycle of oscillation of the rocking lever 34results in the fore and aft reciprocation of both bolt assemblies tochamber and fire a total of two rounds of ammunition.

Each of the two sliders also cooperates (not shown here) with arespective set of front and rear strippers which serve to strip a roundof ammunition from the belt and to place the round on the face of thebolt assembly, and to lock the bolt assembly when the round ischambered.

As seen in FIG. 3 and 4, the external drive assembly includes anelectric motor 100, whose output shaft 102 is fixed to a pinion bevelgear 104. The gear 104 is meshed with an upper bevel gear 106 and alower bevel gear 108 which are both respectively journaled for rotationon the post 36. The post 36 is journaled for rotation to the receiverand is fixed to the rocking lever 34 (shown in FIG. 2). An upper camroller 110 is journaled for rotation on a stub shaft 112 which iscarried by the upper gear 106. A lower cam roller 114 is journaled forrotation on a stub shaft 116 which is carried by the lower gear 108. Abifurcated cam follower 118 is fixed to a shaft 120 which is journaledfor oscillation to the receiver. The bifurcation projects between thegears 106 and 108 so that the rollers 110 and 114 may ride into and outof the cleft cam following surface 122 of the bifurcation. A sector gear124 is fixed to the shaft 120 and meshed with a sector gear 126 which isfixed to the post 36. The shafts 102 and 120, and the post 36 are eachrespectively supported by stationary journals.

The two gears 106 and 108 are driven in opposite directions by thesingle pinion 104. One roller enters the cleft cam following surface 122at point C or D, rotating the cam 118 in one direction, and exiting thesurface 122 at point D or C. There is a dwell period as the rollers passby each other at points A or B. Then the other roller enters the surfaceat point D or C, rotating the cam 118 in the other direction and exitingthe surface 122 at point C or D. This process continues, resulting in auniform oscillation at the output shaft 120 of the cam. This oscillationis communicated to the sector gear 124 and thereby to the sector gear126 and the post 36 and the rocking lever 34.

This system provides a relatively compact size, high mechanicaladvantage, and the ability to vary the magnitude of the outputoscillation by varing the drive geometry or gearing the output up ordown. The drive rollers enter and leave the cam path tangentially,giving a uniform acceleration and deceleration. The roller force isalways perpendicular to the cam path giving an optimum mechanicaladvantage throughout the stroke, with a theoretically infinitemechanical advantage at the start and stop of the stroke. Thus, themechanical advantage is highest where the most work needs to be done,which is the extraction of the fired case by the bolt and theacceleration of the bolt towards chambering the next round. There is adistinct dwell period between each stroke which allows time for a decayin gas pressure in the chamber before the unlocking of the breech.

Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 5, the post 36 may be fixed to thereceiver and the rocking lever 34A may be journaled for oscillation onthe post. In this case the equivalent of the sector 126 may be formedintegrally with the rocking lever 34A, and the sector gear 124A which isfixed on the shaft 120A will mesh directly with the rocking lever 34A.Both the rocking lever 34A and the sector gear 124A may be disposedwithin the receiver.

I claim:
 1. A machine gun comprising:a receiver; a pair of gun barrels fixed to said receiver; a pair of operating and gunbolt mechanisms disposed in said receiver for loading, locking and firing each of said gun barrels respectively; a rocking lever coupled to and between said operating mechanisms for driving said mechanisms 180° out of mutual phase; said rocking lever journaled for oscillation about a central axis; and external drive means coupled to said rocking lever for reciprocating said lever about said axis, including:a motor driving a pinion gear; said pinion gear meshed with and driving two mutually opposed gears, respectively journaled for rotation about a common axis, in opposite directions of rotation; a cam follower having a cleft cam surface disposed between said two opposed gears and journaled for oscillation about an axis to and between two angularly spaced apart dispositions; and two cams, each carried by a respective one of said two opposed gears;one of said cams adapted to enter said cleft at one of said dispositions and to swing said follower to the other of said dispositions and to exit said cleft, and the other of said cams adapted to enter said cleft at said other of said dispositions and to swing said follower to said one of said dispositions and to exit said cleft.
 2. A gun according to claim 1 wherein:said cam follower is fixed to a shaft which is fixed to a first gear which is meshed with a second gear which is journaled for oscillation about said central axis of said rocking lever and connected to said rocking lever; having a mode of operation that continuous rotation of said motor provides rotation of said two cams in respective opposite directions, one of said cams swinging said follower in one direction and the other of said cams swing said follower in the other direction, and such oscillation of said follower providing oscillation of said rocking lever.
 3. A gun according to claim 2 wherein:said second gear is connected to said rocking lever by a common shaft fixed to both.
 4. A gun according to claim 2 wherein:said second gear is integral with said rocking lever. 